ͻĿ
ĿՓcȫȵďVѽ(jng)Ƅ(dng)(hu )M(jn)l(f)]˾ՓmȻ(jng)^(gu)낀(g)oİl(f)չڌW(xu)g(sh)ȻJһ(g)еČW(xu)ĿһN(sh)`߀һT(mn)W(xu)ƵĠՓȻ@NhͽMĿđϵycȫԲֱP(gun)ϵM߀njĿڕr(sh)gM(jn)ȹ΄(w)ֽYȹߌĹ팍(sh)`^ٵĽM܉ȫĿՓָ팍(sh)`ČĿܛõĶSȼɄ(chung )ģʽM(jn)пYڹ^(gu)֪RI(lng)YԴcĿ5(g)SȵĿɄ(chung )ģʽĿ팍(sh)`
1Ŀ푪wϵM(jn)
ĿͨJǑ𠎺܊¸ِĿˌ(sh)FĸЧ;_ҪĮa(chn)һچ(wn)ĸ؈D͵ڶr(sh)PERT20o50CPMPERTg(sh)ƺĿռ־(zh)ĿW(xu)QuM(jn)20o90ԺS(zh)Ϣr(sh)ā(li)R¼g(sh)a(chn)I(y)õwٰl(f)չɞ֧a(chn)I(y)Ŀc(din)Ҳl(f)˾׃ˆTl(f)FSI(y)(jng)½ĹϢ(jng)r(sh)ѽ(jng)m
I(y)l(f)FĿ\ʽȵ˃YԴĸЌӹˆTĹЧǼ@һģʽɞI(y)ҪĹֶ(jng)^(gu)L(chng)̽Yڰl(f)_FĿl(f)չɞ骚ČW(xu)wϵИI(y)ɞFW(xu)Ҫ֧
S(zh)Ŀİl(f)չĿăѽ(jng)ԽĶxһЩµо(zhun)}uɞc(din)ĿĹ;Ŀ錦Ĺ;MĿ(Organizational Project Management)Ŀ(Project management)Ŀ(Program management)ĿMϹ(Portfolio management)3(g)ӴιԼĿk(Project Management Office)MĿģ(Organizational Project Management Maturity Model)SoderlundĿоĺs־HĿڿ1993-2002gīIl(f)FP(gun)ע˾P(gun)ϵ(繫˾gĿ)͆(g)˾ĿgP(gun)ϵ(ĿM)īI
@ЩоԭІĿՓĻAͨ^(gu)Ʉ(chung )²˿YĿɄ(chung )ģʽMøȫؑĿՓc(sh)FMr(ji)ֵ(chung )µĿĿYP(gun)Ŀ5(g)Sȼ伯Ʉ(chung )ģʽ
2 Ŀ5(g)Sȼ伯Ʉ(chung )ģʽ
2.1 ^(gu)̾Sȡ(dng)ӋOβ
^(gu)һ㱻Jǡ(sh)`CĘ˜صĹĿ^(gu)̱x^(gu)̽M@Щ^(gu)̽Mͨ^(gu)a(chn)ĽYP(gun)(lin)һ(g)^(gu)̵ĽYɹɞһ(g)^(gu)̵ݔ^(gu)̽M(processes)ͺ挢BĿеA(phase)ͬ^(gu)̽MᘌAa(chn)Ʒ挢ҪᵽһĿڵÿһ(g)A(\I(yng)β)Ŀ^(gu)̽Mģʽչ_(ki)
AΞȫĿ^(gun)c(din)ҲԱһ(g)ĿĆ(dng)^(gu)ҪxķڇЈ(chng){߀ȫ緶{?Ŀʲô?Ҫһ(g)Ӌ{еķʽʲô?ǰl(f)]߀ǴԒ(hu)?ӋɺҪ(sh)ʩ^(gu)ӋM(jn)пҎĕr(sh)gc(din)ǷӋҎ΄(w)](mi)_ӋҪҪ{ռϢķYύ{пYM(jn)β
ĿAνYϼI(lng)ҪAc(din)ϛQǷҪ^mһ(g)AβṩĈϼI(lng)Qߵβһǰ@(g)Aн(jng)Ѓr(ji)ֵĖ|(li)δ(li)ĿṩM^(gu)Ya(chn)ĸºͷe
Ĺ^(gu)̾Sȳl(f)ļɄ(chung )ģʽԼҎ̞A緿خa(chn)I(y)@ʹÙʹ@һAε̼ĶӿĿˮĿע̵ļO˹|(zh)@NcҎ^(gu)ǏĿҪP(gun)Iĭh(hun)A_(ki)ʼ@(li)P(gun)Ic(din)ă(yu)(chung )µͶa(chn)Ҳ^ȻS(zh)Ҫh(hun)ļcҎ̷漚a(chn)Ą(chung )(g)ĿMăr(ji)ֵЧþͲfp粿ֳI(y)ļ̵ķscҎI(y)\Ч@(g)r(sh)ھSȵĄ(chung )ĿЧ\кͽMٰl(f)չṩµĿg
2.2 ھSȡβ
ĿĿ_(ki)ʼY(jng)vĸ(g)Aһ㌢Ŀ֞顰OӋĿĿβ4(g)AҪ_ĿҪĿ;OӋǞ錍(sh)FĿĿƶһ(g)Ќ(sh)еČ(sh)ʩӋOӋҪ;Ŀnj(sh)FĿa(chn)ƷM(jn)бOصA;βAnjĿa(chn)Ʒƽo͑(h)(Ñ(h))(jng)(M^(gu)Ya(chn))M(jn)КwnĿAM(mn)Y@һ(g)(jin)ε^(gu)̾Ŀ_(ki)l(f)Q(chng)顰ڡһ(g)Rr(sh)MʽYԴ΄(w)cĸ߀L(chng)߀ҪĿǰڼa(chn)Ʒ(sh)F\I(yng);SoA(ͶYյA)\I(yng);SoAͨýMʽYԴ(li)L(chng)(ҲQ(chng)Ŀ)ǬFĿش(chung )ĿL(chng)ڵĸڶڵĻAϼĿǰڼĿa(chn)Ʒ\оSoAκͮa(chn)ƷďU̎AҪڌĿĿԷ͌(sh)ʩĿĶur(ji)c(yu)xĿOʩOĿL(chng)M(jn)йPMBOKL(chng)ڿa(chn)ƷڿĿڡ
һĿAεĄֿԿÿ(g)AεĽYc(din)(hu )һ(g)(g)ɽijɹɽɹČ(sh)Fһ(g)AɵĘ־ԓĿɺP(gun)I̱κAεĿɽɹԓăɂ(g)ҎһǿYAεijɹӛQߵ;ָ^m̺͘˜һAΌ(sh)ʩָ
2.3 ĿˌӼĿa(chn)Ʒ;Ŀ;ĿMɳml(f)չ
ĿĿĿMϹĿ3(g)Ӵ@3(g)ӴεĹĿDzͬĿĿȫλ|(zh)ɱM(jn)ȫضĿָȻĿKĿ߀ǰѡһáṩһ(g)õĮa(chn)Ʒ((w))خa(chn)̲ՓЧؿƳɱM(jn)KҪ͑(h)M(mn)Ј(chng)gӭĘDZP(pn)@(g)a(chn)Ʒo(w)͑(h)M(mn)ôǰһйҲʧȥx
Ŀ(Program Management)ָˌ(sh)FMđĿ˺һMĿ(Ŀ)M(jn)еĽyһf(xi){ĿеĿҪMYԴͬҲҪM(jn)Ŀ֮gYԴ{ͬĿĿĿ˲HHṩa(chn)ƷǞMl(f)չһNĿֱӅcÿ(g)ĿճĹwM(jn)Ҏƺͅf(xi){ָ(g)Ŀľw
PMIĿMϹĶxǡָڿõYԴI(y)ӋָM(jn)ж(g)ĿĿͶYx֧ĿMϹͨ^(gu)Ŀur(ji)xĿMσ(yu)_ĿI(y)đĿĶ(sh)FI(y)
ĿMϹǺ(jin)ε،(g)ĿM(jn)йdzԽĿĿĿ߅I(y)Ŀ֮͑gĘʹĿ(sh)ʩI(y)̘I(y)ԽY(li)ĿMϹĿnj(sh)FMĽɳml(f)չ
ĿһԌ(sh)Fһ(g)ȶa(chn)ƷĿ;ĿһԌ(sh)FijһCĿĿMϹĿnj(sh)FMĽɳml(f)չĿMϹɵČǿܱ˴˲ڹ߉P(gun)ϵĿĿͷĿ;ĿеĶĿgڹе߉P(gun)ϵĿ팣(zhun)ע߉P(gun)ϵ
ڷӴĿɄ(chung )µ^(gu)ĿģͺϢƽ_ɞµķ(w)ӴĿĿˌӴĿģ͌MĿṩur(ji)M(jn)hϢĹƽ_ӴĿṩo֧ĿģP(gun)עĿƶȽOƶȵĽ(li)_ĿijɹڶĿ\еITĿģяV;锵ĽOI(y)Ŀģ͵đòń_(ki)ʼĿӕ(hu )˂ƶȹļ˼·
ӴĿĶλcĿˌӼxֱP(gun)Ҳ@һSȼɄ(chung )µP(gun)Iһ(g)I(y)ϣOϢϵyôҪ]ľ@(g)ϵyҪwһ(g)Ďׂ(g)ӴεĿ֮܉_@(g)ϵyԡ¡Ŀ߀ԡl(f)չĿֱֻӌ(sh)FM(jn)Ml(f)չĿx˹Ӵκ͌Ŀ֮܉_Ŀķͳɱ܉_Ŀ˵Ę˜ԓSȵļɄ(chung )ĿˌӼλAֻx˺mĿˌӼλ܉M(jn)ҪġɄ(chung )¡(dng)
ĿھSȳl(f)ļɄ(chung )ģʽL(chng)sĿڞAH̳аṩǰڷ(w)ͺ\I(yng)Soָ^ߺͬ~@ȡĿĸ߸ֵ緿خa(chn)_(ki)l(f)̌I(y)\I(yng)ĘDZP(pn)_(ki)l(f)ĿxoI(y)˾ԼӿĿ\;_IJ(yu)a߸עL(chng)hl(f)չL(chng)̵xSĿĿh(hun)׃ҪĿҪw(wn)}w
3 ֪RI(lng)M(jn)M|(zh)L(fng)U
Ŀһ헾CŬһ(g)I(lng)ȡЄ(dng)δܲȡЄ(dng)ͨ(hu )ӰI(lng)@ЩÿһĿȻҲܘOyĿĸ׃ҪӰĿijɱһӰ푵F꠵ʿ߮a(chn)Ʒ|(zh)ĿľŴ֪RI(lng)wĿ֪R͌(sh)ʩеҪI(lng)ĿwĿĿr(sh)gĿMùĿ|(zh)ĿYԴĿͨĿL(fng)UԼĿُ
ĿwǞ˅f(xi){Ŀ(g)ͬMɲҪ^(gu){yһf(xi){ĿMIJͬ^(gu)cĿ(dng)ĸN^(gu)ʹĿӋğo(w)ɜ\ָĿĈͨ^(gu)cӋgIJĿӋ׃M(jn)п^(gu)пY(jng)
ĿҪ_ĿĿʲô綨ЩҪĿĿ˷ֽԪij̶γWBSԴĿ׃ĻPMI{Ŀֻɴ_Ŀɹȫ京xҪǷֹ僽𡱺͡ӡrİl(f)
Ŀr(sh)gһĿ_ĿĿM(jn)һֽKγM(jn)ȱҲĿr(sh)gM(jn)ȱĿ(sh)ʩ^(gu)еM(jn)ȿ(j)Чͨ^(gu)M(jn)ȿϵyҎijM(jn)׃ԿĿǴ_Ŀr(sh)
ĿMùͨ^(gu)γĿMûĿM׃ԿĿǴ_ĿҎAĿM(jn)ȺMÿ(j)Чͨ^(gu)ֵ(EVM)M(jn)Мy֧sĿ|(zh)Ҫ͘Ŀsl
Ŀ|(zh)Ŀ_Ŀȶ|(zh)ҪĿwɌĿM(jn)БԌָô|(zh)tĿwڑg(sh)ӴεļǏļg(sh)ָ(g)ˌ(sh)ʩĿĿYԴᘌĿ(sh)ʩw˼MĹcĿͨP(gun)ԓҪPMBOKᵽČ(zhun)I(y)֪RI(lng)ͨù֪RcI(lng)̎HP(gun)ϵI(lng)ȡ֪R֧
Ŀͨ팢Ŀ_Ϣr(sh)foҪϢ_ς_r(sh)ͨ형PMBOKxԓI(lng)Ǵ_ĿϢr(sh)cǡخa(chn)Ѽ惦K̎õһϵй^(gu)
L(fng)Uֻ{OعL(fng)U(li){PMBOK߀{ҪL(fng)UпCҪL(fng)UMRe{L(fng)UĹL(fng)U(li)ؓӰѿB(ti)ʹĿķDĿُ漰ýMYԴM(mn)Ŀ(sh)ʩ@һ^(gu)ҪM(jn)ДͬһڽMȲcⲿُI(mi)һNʽĿCϿ(j)Ч@^ƻُFںܶĿʽԼֹЧM(jn)YԴͬr(sh)߽MȲĺĸ(yu)ݼYԴʹЧ@cĿYԴԵǺ
֪RI(lng)Sȳl(f)ļɄ(chung )֪RwϵԑúP(gun)ϵҎ̽AᘌһЩĿL(fng)Uwϵ猦YԴcُP(gun)ϵ(ӴαOƵ̽)оȶǴ˷Ą(chung )̽Ŵ֪RI(lng)Ŀ֪RԿҲǑڌ(sh)`еȫԱ˜ʺͶԪĿlP(gun)ϵоAվŴ֪RI(lng)֪RҎԼ@ЩҎضĿеđP(gun)(lin)ļɄ(chung )³ɹ
2.5 YԴӼɡĿ?j)MMg
YԴļǷӴεĿ@һRr(sh)MȲ(sh)Fְl(f)]{(dng)Ŀ?j)ˆTķeOԺھ܉ṩYԴ;ҲڸһĽMȲeЩĿ@ĽMȲM(jn)нMYԴԷ(w)ڽMȶĿĿ˵Č(sh)FڽMӼYԴǞP(gun)עĿYԴ@ȡcI(yng)h(hun)I(y)h(hun)ĽMɲ;ҲкܶĿҎģ(sh)ʩr(sh)gL(chng)ˮ늹̹ڶ5L(chng)@ҪMgYԴOӋOа̼̹ͬشĿͬYԴwĿҪ؟˺һěQf(xi){ߵҪDzͬĿ?j)YԴĿ(jng)һڙԺͿĿ?j)ȲʹڙȵěQ؟;MȵYԴmȻĿ(jng)ȻĿҪ؟ܶYԴtҪĿ(jng)cһMȵܽ(jng)M(jn)Ѕf(xi){ɸһMI(lng)ṩQcf(xi){֧;ڽMgYԴ^(gu)P(gun)Ҫ؟ηcQ߷YԴf(xi){^(gu)̸DŽ(dng)B(ti)@оҲڳɞĿ턓(chung )õҪP(gun)עc(din)(P(gun)ϵĿ^(gu)еđõо)
YԴɌӼľSȳl(f)ļɄ(chung )?xn)?yu)ϸc؟A(chung )µǰǸĿĿh(hun)ҪmضxYԴɵĽM猦(wn)}ĽQĴ̽ӑnjҼطˮYԴ_(ki)l(f)I(y)M(jn)YԴP(gun)܉ЧcĿȫ^(gu)ȥĿͬr(sh)\I(yng)ˮ_(ki)l(f)I(y)Ҫ(dng)Ŀ@gҪĺ͵طȺwyеȽڙCĜͨ;ҲҪڽOڵĿf(xi){OӋOʩλЧcĿO;ͬr(sh)߀ҪѽˮĿ\I(yng)ץa(chn)N(xio)۹
һ(g)W(xu)ưl(f)չVõĕr(sh)ȻR(chung )µcCĽYϹ팍(sh)`Ŀ5(g)SȵļɄ(chung )ģʽM(jn)˷cY@5(g)SȏIJͬҕnjĿڵļc׃֪RI(lng)ȫԑcҎ̽YԴɌӼĿ˽o˻ĿՓļɄ(chung )»ģʽ@ЩɄ(chung )µģʽSȵȫ摪øcijһSȵȫ摪øͬҪAӼđøcԌӼđøͬҪýMhcҎąf(xi){һºYԴƽЧطĿɄ(chung )²ͬYԴ(hu )Mȫf(xi){ɳml(f)չĿĸЧ\ṩ(dng)Yρ(li)ԴЇĿYԴW(wng)